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Correlation matrix calculator and heatmap

Paste equal-length series. The calculator reports every r coefficient and the strongest linear relationship.

Number of observations: —

Fill in the fields above — the result is computed on this page.

Observations
—
Variables
—
Strongest correlation |r|
—

Correlation heatmap

Colour and value show the direction and strength of linear association from −1 to 1.

Correlation coefficients

Variable A Variable B Pearson r |r|
Fill in the fields above — the result is computed on this page.
What these numbers mean
  • The sign of r gives direction and |r| gives linear strength.
  • Correlation does not establish causation.
  • A strong nonlinear relationship may have r near zero.

Series must have equal length and variation. The tool does not impute missing values or calculate rank correlation.

How to use this page
  1. Paste two or three series in matching observation order.
  2. Calculate and find the largest off-diagonal |r|.
  3. Inspect that pair on a scatter plot too.

What this page does not do: Series must have equal length and variation. The tool does not impute missing values or calculate rank correlation.

Further reading

Pearson correlation compares the covariance of two series after scaling by their standard deviations. A value near 1 means a strong increasing relationship, near −1 a strong decreasing relationship, and near 0 no clear linear relationship.

The heatmap makes all pairs easy to compare. Also inspect a scatter plot, outliers and the subject-matter meaning of each variable.

Frequently asked questions

Does r = 0 mean no relationship?

It means no detected linear relationship. A nonlinear relationship may still exist.

Can I use different sample sizes?

No. Each row must describe the same observation across all series.

See also

← All calculators

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