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Multiple regression calculator

Paste an outcome Y and two or three predictor variables. The calculator fits an ordinary least squares model and shows the equation and fit statistics.

Paste 4 to 200 numbers, one per line or separated with semicolons.

Coefficient of determination R²: —

Fill in the fields above — the result is computed on this page.

Observations
—
Predictors
—
Intercept b₀
—
Coefficient b₁
—
Coefficient b₂
—
Adjusted R²
—
RMSE
—
Residual sum of squares SSE
—

Fitted values and residuals

Row Y Ŷ Residual Y − Ŷ
Fill in the fields above — the result is computed on this page.
What do these numbers mean?
  • Compare models mainly with adjusted R² and RMSE.
  • A coefficient sign gives the direction of association when the other predictors are held constant.

The model assumes a linear relationship and independent observations. Strongly correlated predictors can make coefficients unstable. The calculator supports 2 or 3 predictors and up to 200 observations; it does not calculate significance tests or prediction intervals.

How do I use this page?
  1. Paste Y, X₁ and X₂ in matching row order.
  2. Optionally add X₃ and press Calculate.
  3. Read the equation, adjusted R² and RMSE, then inspect residuals.

What this page does not do: The model assumes a linear relationship and independent observations. Strongly correlated predictors can make coefficients unstable. The calculator supports 2 or 3 predictors and up to 200 observations; it does not calculate significance tests or prediction intervals.

Further reading

Theory — what is multiple regression?

Multiple regression describes how one outcome variable Y depends on several predictor variables at once. The coefficient for a given predictor shows how much the predicted Y changes on average when that predictor increases by one unit and the others stay fixed. The model is fitted with ordinary least squares, and fit quality is summarised by R² — for instance, 0.80 means the model explains 80% of Y's variation in the given data. A high R² on historical data is no guarantee of future forecast accuracy.

Frequently asked questions

How do I interpret R²?
An R² of 0.80 means the model describes 80% of the variation in Y within the entered data. It does not guarantee out-of-sample prediction quality.
What is adjusted R²?
Adjusted R² penalizes adding more predictors, so it is more useful when comparing models with different numbers of variables.
Why are my data rejected?
Every column must contain the same number of values, observations must outnumber coefficients, and the X variables cannot form a singular system such as exact duplicate columns.

See also

← All calculators

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