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Random walk simulator

Set steps, repetitions, upward-move probability and an absolute |S| barrier.

Share of walks reaching the barrier: —

Fill in the fields above — the result is computed on this page.

Mean final position
—
Theoretical final mean
—
Empirical final SD
—
Theoretical final SD
—
Number of walks
—

First and mean walk paths

Barrier lines show +B and −B. The main result counts reaching either one.

Selected steps

Step First walk Mean walk
Fill in the fields above — the result is computed on this page.
What these numbers mean
  • For p = 0.5 there is no mean drift, but a single path may move far from zero.
  • P ≠ 0.5 introduces linear drift.
  • More repetitions stabilize the estimated barrier frequency.

The simulation is limited to 500,000 total steps. The empirical barrier rate depends on repetitions and seed.

How to use this page
  1. Set steps, number of walks and p.
  2. Choose a barrier and seed.
  3. Compare empirical mean and deviation with theory.

What this page does not do: The simulation is limited to 500,000 total steps. The empirical barrier rate depends on repetitions and seed.

Further reading

A simple random walk adds +1 with probability p or −1 with probability 1−p at every step. For p = 0.5 the final mean is 0, while spread grows with the square root of the number of steps.

Repeated walks let you compare empirical mean and standard deviation with theory and estimate how often a barrier is reached.

Frequently asked questions

Does a random walk predict prices or draws?

No. It is a simple educational model of accumulated independent steps.

What does reaching the barrier mean?

The path reached +B or −B at least once within the selected horizon.

See also

← All calculators

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